PSEUDOSCIENCE.

Pseudoscience is like a FAKE science, we call it a 'fringe' because it's like a mask, it thinks it's like REAL SCIENCE but it's not.
Pseudoscience is a claim which is presented as scientific but does NOT adhere to valid scientific methods, there is no backing. Where as Science has an empirical evidence that controles experiments.

Pseudoscience:

• Lack of carefully controled experiments.
• Faulty observations and theories.
• Faulty reasoning.
• Open defiance of scientific concensus.

Science:

• Adheres to valid scientific methods.
• Supporting evidence.

What Pseudoscience is NOT:

1. Informed speculation.

- Attempting to estimate the no of habitable planets and possibilities of life in the universe. But there is real data.

- The absence of data makes it a pseudoscience.

   2.  Polywater involved the claim that some chemists in the 1960's had created a long chain of water molecules. Observation failed due to contamination and impurities (MISTAKE).

Why is science important?

• It's important because it lets us know the way science is.
• It lets us know how nature is.
• It's important to know how to survive.
• It's important because it warns us about natural disasters.
• It explains the life style.
• It's important to know about our ancient times.
• It's important to be ecologycal / to have an ecologycal life.
• Fighting against irrational thinking.

List of Nobel Prizes in economy.

• Ragnar Frisch (1895-1973): he was a norwaigean economist who studied economy and mathematics in the University os Oslo and won the Nobel Prize for economy in 1969.

• Robert Mundell (1915-2009): he was the first american economist to win the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. He studied in Massachusetts Institute of Technology (macroeconomics).

• John Nash (1985): he's an american mathematician who studied mathematics and economy and won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1994. He studied in Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

• Leonid Kantorovich (1912-1986): he was a soviet mathematician and economist who studied in Leningrad State University and won the Nobel Prize of economics in 1975.

• Thomas Sargent (1943): he's an american economist specializing macroeconomics who studied in the New York University and won the Nobel Prize in economics in 2011.

Scientific method steps.

    1. Make observations:

You may think the hypothesis is the start of the scientific method, but you will have made some observations first, even if they were informal.

 

    2. Propose a Hypothesis:

It's easist to test the null or no-difference hypothesis because you can prove it to be wrong. It's practically impossible to prove a hypothesis is correct.

   3. Design an Experiment to Test the Hypothesis.

   4. Test the Hypothesis.

   5. Revise the Hypothesis.

SCIENTIFIC METHOD.

The Scientific Method is a logical and rational order of steps by which scientists come to conclusions about the world around them. The Scientific Method helps to organize thoughts and procedures so that scientists can be confident in the answers they find. Scientists use observations, hypotheses and deductions to make these conclusions.

Interés por la ciencia.

¿Cuáles son los factores responsables por la falta de interés por la ciencia?

• La sociedad está menos contaminada.
• La gente se preocupa más por la crisis económica.
• No sale rentable interesarse por los avances científicos.
• Escasa distribución de gestión de la información.

What are the facts responsable for the lack of interest in science?

• There isn't enough information about science.
• Not a lot of people are interested in science because of high level accomodation.
• Lack of distribution of information.

¿Qué podríamos hacer para que la gente se interesara más por la ciencia?

• Más media para informar especialmente a los jóvenes.
• No coger dinero de la educación.
• Crear una semana de ciencia en los colegios.

What could we do to make people more interested in science?

• More media to inform especially young people.
• To not take money from education.
• Create a science week in high schools.

Companies selling faulty products.

MERCADONA. According to the speakers Mercadona has renewed eleven cosmetics that have been recalled because they contained carcinogenic substances that induce tumors.

Comparing a horoscope in two different web pages.

(SCORPIO)

 1. It's ok to have an opinion of what you like and deslike, but do not despice the rest. You tend to despise everything that is not to your taste and that could hurt people sometimes. Your pleasure is yours, don't try to impose it on others and above all, don't think of yourself as more than everyone else.
 ELPAÍS.COM

 2. You are facing a problem that seems bigger than anything you've been through before. That doesn't mean it's time to give up - you just have yo make sure thatb you're ready to move quickly.

 ASTROLOGY.COM