Experiment in cmc.

Result:

Exercise 13.

Dirty streets in alhaurin de la torre, mainly chewing gums stuck to the floor.



Faulty of municiple workers (road sweepers).

Alhaurin waters.

Where do they come from?

The hydrography of Alhaurin de la Torre is limited in terms of river inflows. These include the passage of the river Guadalhorce by the municipality along with numerous streams, the majority deviant, dry or with very little flow. The most notable is the water that is often left after some heavy rains in winter, spring or fall. Alhaurín de la Torre is one of the municipalities belonging to the Andalusian Mediterranean Basin. The main place we get water from is the lakes underneath Sierra de Mijas, obviously this water comes from the rain.

Detractors of Al Gore.

They are people (members of the government) that don't support his ideas of protecting the environment because he contributes to the world pollution as well and so they think that the money he spends should be spent on other things (of their interest). They think he is a lier beacause he wants people to react against climate change but then he doesn't do anything to solve it.

Antarctica today.

There are many issues concerned in Antarctica today. Two of them involves the whole world.
Many scientists are currently studying the ozone layer as well as the greenhouse effect.
The ozone layer is a layer of gas in the upper atmosphere of the earth. It blocks a lot of ultraviolet light that is harmful to the skin and could cause skin cancer. However the ozone layer over Antarctica is being destroyed. Scientists blame this destruction on Chlorofluorocarbons, or CFC's, used in aerosol sprays and in air conditioning systems. These CFC's can destroy the Ozone layer.
But why is the hole over Antarctica and not over any other parts of the world?
Over Antarctica, there is an isolated region in the atmosphere which moves in a circular motion called the polar vortex. Researchers believe that this causes a physical sink of gases in the stratosphere. So all the gases float downwards toward Antarctica thus creating a hole above Antarctica.
Another problem in Antarctica is the greenhouse effect.
The earth is slowly heating up.
The burning of fossil fuels causes air pollution to occur.
This pollution blocks heat from exiting the earth's atmosphere.
The heat is becoming trapped making the earth hotter and hotter over the years.
Even a slight change in the earth's temperature will result in disaster.
The reason is that the heat will eventually melt the huge ice caps in Antarctica and in the Arctic.
If enough ice melts the ocean level will rise and will flood many cities and lowland areas.
So many scientists are concerned and trying to figure out ways to stop this.

Al Gore's biography.

NAME: Al Gore

OCCUPATION: Environmental Activist, U.S. Vice President
BIRTH DATE: March 31, 1948 (Age: 65)
EDUCATION: Harvard University, Vanderbilt University
PLACE OF BIRTH: Washington DC
ZODIAC SIGN: Aries

BEST KNOWN FOR

Al Gore was the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He is also known for his work regarding environmental issues.

Al Gore, born on March 31, 1948, in Washington, D.C., served in both the House and Senate. He lost his bid for the Democratic presidential nomination to Michael Dukakis in 1988, but was President Bill Clinton's successful running mate in 1992 and again in 1996. In his 2000 presidential campaign, Gore won the popular vote, but eventually conceded defeat to Republican George W. Bush.

Early Life

Gore's childhood was divided between a hotel room the nation's capitol during the school year and his family's farm in Carthage, Tennessee, in the summer. Gore attended Harvard, where he roomed with future actor Tommy Lee Jones. He earned a degree with high honors in government in June 1969 after writing a senior thesis titled "The Impact of Television on the Conduct of the Presidency, 1947-1969.

Military Service

Gore opposed the Vietnam War, but said that his sense of civic duty compelled him to enlist in the U.S. Army in August 1969. After basic training, Gore was assigned as a military journalist writing for The Army Flier, the base newspaper at Fort Rucker.

When he returned to the States in 1971, he worked as a reporter at the Tennessean. In 1974, he enrolled in Vanderbilt's law school.

In 1988, Gore made a bid for the Democratic nomination for the presidency. He won five southern states on Super Tuesday, but eventually lost to Michael Dukakis. 

Recent Projects

Since departing politics, Gore has become a successful businessman, author and public speaker. In 2004, he co-founded Generation Investment Management with David Blood. Gore has backed numerous ventures and invested in such companies as Amazon.com and eBay through this firm.

In 2005, Gore founded a liberal news channel called Current TV with Joel Hyatt. The cable network eventually grew to reach more than 60 million households across the United States. Gore announced in January 2013 that Current TV was to going to be sold to Al-Jazeera, an Arab news network. According to the Associated Press, Gore said Current TV and Al-Jazeera shared a common mission "to give voice to those who are not typically heard; to speak truth to power; to provide independent and diverse points of view; and to tell the stories that no one else is telling."

Gore is expected to receive about $70 million for his 20 percent share of Current TV. Not everyone is thrilled with his decision to sell the channel, however. Time Warner Cable dropped the channel from its line-up soon after hearing about the deal. Some Current TV personnel, such as former governor Eliot Spitzer, quit rather than work for the channel's new owners.

Personal Life

Gore is currently dating fellow environmentalist and Democratic Party supporter Mary Elizabeth Keadle. He divides his time between homes in Nashville, Tennessee, and San Francisco, California. Gore has four adult children with his first wife Tipper. The couple separated in 2010 after 40 years of marriage.

MOLECULAR DISEASES.

A molecular disease is a hereditary disease, caused by a disorder in the molecular structure of determinated molecules.

Molecular diseases can be classified in three groups:

- Genetics: Depending on the type of cell, depending on the type of alteration, depending on the genoma or chromosomes infected.

- Exogenous diseases: intoxications, nutritionals, infections...
- Complex diseases or multifactorials: can be nuclears or mitocondrials.

Dolly the sheep.

Dolly (July 5, 1996 - February 14, 2003), a ewe, was the first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult cell.

She was cloned at the Roslin Institute in Midlothian, Scotland, and lived there until her death when she was six years old.

Her birth was announced on February 22, 1997. The sheep was originally code-named "6LL3".

The name "Dolly" came from a suggestion by the stockmen who helped with her birth, in honor of Dolly Parton, because it was a mammary cell that was cloned.

The technique that was made famous by her birth is somatic cell nuclear transfer, in which a cell is placed in a de-nucleated ovum, the two cells fuse and then develop into an embryo.

When Dolly was cloned in 1996 from a cell taken from a six-year-old ewe, she became the center of much controversy that still exists today.

Mendel's biography.

Gregor Mendel, known as the "father of modern genetics," was born in Austria in 1822. A monk, Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery's garden. His experiments showed that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, subsequently becoming the foundation of modern genetics and leading to the study of heredity.
Early Life

Gregor Johann Mendel was born Johann Mendel on July 22, 1822, to Anton and Rosine Mendel, on his family’s farm, in what was then Heinzendorf, Austria. He spent his early youth in that rural setting, until age 11, when a local schoolmaster who was impressed with his aptitude for learning recommended that he be sent to secondary school in Troppau to continue his education. The move was a financial strain on his family, and often a difficult experience for Mendel, but he excelled in his studies, and in 1840, he graduated from the school with honors.

Following his graduation, Mendel enrolled in a two-year program at the Philosophical Institute of the University of Olmütz. There, he again distinguished himself academically, particularly in the subjects of physics and math, and tutored in his spare time to make ends meet. Despite suffering from deep bouts of depression that, more than once, caused him to temporarily abandon his studies, Mendel graduated from the program in 1843.

That same year, against the wishes of his father, Mendel began studying to be a monk and was given the name Gregor.

In 1851, he was sent to the University of Vienna, at the monastery’s expense, to continue his studies in the sciences.

In 1853, upon completing his studies at the University of Vienna, Mendel returned to the monastery in Brno and was given a teaching position at a secondary school, where he would stay for more than a decade. It was during this time that he began the experiments for which he is best known.

Experiments and Theories

Around 1854, Mendel began to research the transmission of hereditary traits in plant hybrids. At the time of Mendel’s studies, it was a generally accepted fact that the hereditary traits of the offspring of any species were merely the diluted blending of whatever traits were present in the “parents.” It was also commonly accepted that, over generations, a hybrid would revert to its original form, the implication of which suggested that a hybrid could not create new forms.

Right of health in Spain.

Here are some of the articles of the spanish Constitution of 1978 in respect to the right of health:

- Public institutios must ensure preventive steps and facilities for public health. They also provide us our duties and rights in relation to health.

- Any hospital needs to have some kind sanitary conditios in order to treat the patients.

- The Spanish State must promote sanitary and physical education and sports.

- Right of healh protection.

The sanctions can vary depending on the type of infraction that you commit, (fines, prision, etc.)

Gattaca.

The first time I saw this movie it fascinated me. Maybe because on an occasion I have felt the same.

How far are we willing to go? Have you ever experienced your limits at any time? Have you ever really fought for something? Do you believe in destiny? Do you know the difference between success and failure? Do you really know what you are made of?

The title refers to the critical spirit of the film and its protagonist, Vincent, trying to realize his dreams from when he was little. Who is this guy? Will he make it? If you want to find out, I definitely recommend this film.

Values ​​such as suffering, work, hope, self-confidence, friendship and many more, strive for success, dreams and overcome the insurmountable.

Central theme: being human.

Hutchinson's disease.

Progeria (also known as Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome) is an extremely rare genetic disease wherein symptoms resembling aspects of aging are manifested at a very early age. Those born with progeria typically live to their mid teens and early twenties. It is a genetic condition that occurs as a new mutation, and is rarely inherited.

Symtoms:

Children with progeria usually develop the first symptoms during their first few months. The earliest symptoms may include a failure to thrive and a localized scleroderma-like skin condition. Signs and symptoms of this progressive disease tend to get worse as the child ages. Later, the condition causes wrinkled skin, atherosclerosis, kidney failure, loss of eyesight, hair loss, and cardiovascular problems.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosis is suspected according to signs and symptoms, such as skin changes, abnormal growth, and loss of hair. A genetic test for LMNA mutations can confirm the diagnosis of progeria.

Treatment:

No treatments have been proven effective. Most treatment focuses on reducing complications (such as cardiovascular disease) with heart bypass surgery or low-dose aspirin. Children may also benefit from a high-energy diet.

Prognosis:

As there is no known cure, few people with progeria exceed 13 years of age. At least 90% of patients die from complications of atherosclerosis, such as heart attack or stroke.

Mental development is not adversely affected; in fact, intelligence tends to be above average.

How alcohol affects our health.

A number of factors influence how and to what extent alcohol affects the brain, including:

• how much and how often a person drinks;
• the age at which he or she first began drinking, and how long he or she has been drinking;
• the person’s age, level of education, gender, genetic background, and family history of alcoholism;
• whether he or she is at risk as a result of prenatal alcohol exposure; and
• his or her general health status.   

Short term effects of alcohol:

• Slurred speech
• Drowsiness
• Vomiting 
• Diarrhea
• Upset stomach
• Headaches
• Breathing difficulties 
• Distorted vision and hearing 
• Impaired judgment 
• Decreased perception and coordination 
• Unconsciousness 
• Anemia (loss of red blood cells) 
• Coma
• Blackouts (memory lapses, where the drinker cannot remember events that occurred while under the influence)

 Long term effects of alcohol:

• Unintentional injuries such as car crash, falls, burns, drowning 
• Intentional injuries such as firearm injuries, sexual assault, domestic violence
• Increased on-the-job injuries and loss of productivity 
• Increased family problems, broken relationships 
• Alcohol poisoning 
• High blood pressure, stroke, and other heart-related diseases 
• Liver disease 
• Nerve damage 
• Sexual problems 
• Permanent damage to the brain 
• Vitamin B₁ deficiency, which can lead to a disorder characterized by amnesia, apathy and disorientation 
• Ulcers 
• Gastritis (inflammation of stomach walls) 
• Malnutrition 
• Cancer of the mouth and throat

 

CHARLES ROBERT DARWIN.

Nació en: Shrewsbury, Inglaterra
Fecha de nacimiento: 12 de febrero de 1809
Falleció en: Down House, Downe, Kent, Inglaterra
Fecha de defunción: 19 de abril de 1882

Charles Darwin fue un naturalista inglés que postuló que todas las especies de seres vivos han evolucionado con el tiempo a partir de un antepasado común mediante un proceso denominado selección natural. La evolución fue aceptada como un hecho por la comunidad científica y por buena parte del público en vida de Darwin, mientras que su teoría de la evolución mediante selección natural no fue considerada como la explicación primaria del proceso evolutivo hasta los años 1930. Actualmente constituye la base de la síntesis evolutiva moderna. Con sus modificaciones, los descubrimientos científicos de Darwin aún siguen siendo el acta fundacional de la biología como ciencia, puesto que constituyen una explicación lógica que unifica las observaciones sobre la diversidad de la vida.

Con apenas 16 años Darwin ingresó en la Universidad de Edimburgo, aunque paulatinamente fue dejando de lado sus estudios de medicina para dedicarse a la investigación de invertebrados marinos. Posteriormente la Universidad de Cambridge dio alas a su pasión por las ciencias naturales. Darwin investigó sobre el hecho de la transmutación de las especies y concibió su teoría de la selección natural en 1838. Aunque discutió sus ideas con algunos naturalistas, necesitaba tiempo para realizar una investigación exhaustiva, y sus trabajos geológicos tenían prioridad. Se encontraba redactando su teoría en 1858 cuando Alfred Russel Wallace le envió un ensayo que describía la misma idea, urgiéndole Darwin a realizar una publicación conjunta de ambas teorías.

Su obra fundamental, El origen de las especies por medio de la selección natural, publicada en 1859, estableció que la explicación de la diversidad que se observa en la naturaleza se debe a las modificaciones acumuladas por la evolución a lo largo de las sucesivas generaciones. 
Dos semanas antes de morir publicó un último y breve trabajo sobre un bivalvo diminuto encontrado en las patas de un escarabajo de agua de los Midlands ingleses. 

"Lonesome George"

Lonesome George was a male Pinta Island tortoise and the last known individual of the subspecies.
In his last years, he was known as the rarest creature in the world.
George was first seen on the island of Pinta in November 1971 by Hungarian malacologist József Vágvölgyi.
 
It is thought that he was named after a character played by American actor George Globel.
Relocated for his safety to the Charles Darwin research station on Santa Cruz Island, George was penned with two females of a different subspecies. Although eggs were produced, none hatched.
 
Over the decades, all attempts at mating Lonesome George had been unsuccessful, possibly due to the lack of females of his own subspecies. This prompted researchers at the Darwin Station to offer a $10,000 reward for a suitable mate.

In July 2008, George mated with one of his female companions. Thirteen eggs were collected and placed in incubators. On 11 November 2008, the Charles Darwin Foundation reported 80% of the eggs showed weight loss characteristic of being inviable. By December 2008, the remaining eggs had failed to hatch and x-rays showed they were inviable.
 
On 20 January 2011, two individual hoodensis female partners were imported to the Charles Darwin Research Station, where George lived.
A reward of $10,000 was offered by the Ecuadorean Government for the discovery of a suitable female to help save the subspecies.
 
On 24 June 2012, at 8:00 am local time, Edwin Naula, Director of the Galápagos National Park, announced that Lonesome George had been found dead by his caretaker of 40 years, Fausto Llerena. Naula suspects that the cause of death was heart failure consistent with the end of the natural life cycle of a tortoise. A nacropsy confirmed that he died of "old age" when he was 80. Officials stated that he will be embalmed and put on display on Santa Cruz Island for future generations to see. He was believed to be more than 100 years old, though this is not especially old for a Galápagos tortoise.